Apparatus for breaking down materials



Jan. 18, 1938. o. J. FEIGHT 2,105,764

. APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Filed Jfine 28, 1933 sSheets-Sheet 1 .5; H l6 H J W 1 a [YVENTORI Oscar- J I e/9h? ATT'Y Jan.18, 1938. o. J. FEIGHT 2,105,764

APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS v Filed June 28, 1933 3 eet rsheet2 By 7 40 e3 3% 9 Jan. 18, 1938. o. J. FE lGH T 2,105,764

APPARATUS FOR BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Filed-June 28, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet3 67 f/vvE/vToR: Osqar z e/yhf ATT'Y Patented Jan. 18, 1938 APPARATUSFOR. BREAKING DOWN MATERIALS Oscar J. Feight, Columbus, Ohio, assignorto The Jeflrey Manufacturin o1 Ohio Application June 28,

2 Claims.

The improvements represented by this invention deal principally with theconstruction of a housing for mechanism of widely diversified kinds, thehousing being designed with the more particular purpose of enabling aconvenient access to be had to the mechanism within the housing.

The invention, for purposes of clarity and sim plicity of description,will be illustrated and described in connection with a grinding orpulver- 10 izing machine equipped with a pair of oppositely rotatinggrinding and pulverizing rotors working in conjunction with each other,and with a removable liner for the housing, which liner is provided witha grinding surface adjacent the said rotors, the housing being providedwith means enabling it to be readily opened with the minimum of eifortfor enabling a convenient access to be had to the interior of thehousing and, to the mechanism contained therein. It isdesired that it bedistinctly understood that the novel features of this invention are notlimited in any way to the illustrated mechanism, nor necessarily even tothe general type of mechanism illustrated herein, but is of an entirelygeneral application.

The details of the construction .of the present invention will bereadily understood from a consideration of the description, whichfollows, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, thefeatures of novelty constituting the 80 present improvements being setforth in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming the subject matter of this invention:

Fig. 1 is an elevationalview of a pulverizing machine assembly embracingthe features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, taken at right angles to Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the improved housing, 40 the drive motors forthe mechanism being omitted, the housing being closed;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the housing, showing the motors in place,and'the housing opened for access to the interior mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1, the motors beingshown in elevation for purposes of clarity;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7,is a sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 5, the base plateof Fig. 5 being omitted; and

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7. a I Asapplied to a pulverizing machine, the inven- 55 tion embraces the unitAcomprising the improved g Company, a corporation 1933, Serial No.678,009 (CI. 83-11) housing forming the principal part of thisinvention. The unit A receives material to be pulverized, which materialis delivered thereto from a storage hopper B and conveyor C, or anyequivalent supply mechanism. As installed, the unit A 5 is mounted on abase plate E and a concrete or similar foundation F. Driveinstrumentalities including a motor G, which operates gears H, areemployed for driving the endless feed conveyor C.

The conveyor C receives the material from the 10 storage hopper B, anddischarges the material into the feed hopper I of unit A. This feedhopper I has the throat 2 communicating with the interior of the unit Aon the feed side thereof through feed opening-3, and is mounted on aflange 4 which issubstantially'fiush with the top of the casing 5 inwhich the pulverizer 6 and fan i are enclosed. The casing 5 is supportedon the bed plate or base E, which also supports the motor 8 for drivingthe fan shaft 9. The inner end of shaft 9 carries the fan side rotorelement ID of the pulverizer 6.

The endless conveyor l l enters the hopper i and discharges the materialinto the feed side of unit A, as previously'stated. In the path of thedischarging material is a permanent magnet l2 which is designed toremove tramp iron from the material. If desired, an electromagnet may besubstituted for the permanent magnet andarranged in a well-known mannerso as to be energized whenever the-feeding mechanism is operated.

A hollow circular closure l3 for the feed side of the casing 5 isprovided with an integral platform I4 on which is mounted the motor IS.The shaft l6 of the latter extends inwardly and car-. ries at its innerend the feed side rotor element H. In the mechanism illustrated in thedrawings, when the motor I5 is operated, the rotor I1 is rotatedrelatively to the casing 5 and the 010- sure IS in a direction oppositeto the direction of rotation of the fan side rotor element l 0, which isdriven by the motor 8. The rotor I1 is keyed to the shaft l6 asindicatedat I8. I I

The closure I 3 is hinged relative to the hous- 5 ing 5, so that theclosure I 3, platform I4, motor 15, shaft l6 and-rotor I! may be movedaxially of the shaft I6 away from the casing 5, and then swung laterallyon vertical hinge instrumentalities so that both rotors will be freelyaccessible for inspection, repair or replacement, while be ing normallylocked in position. From Figs. 3 and 8 it will be seen that the casing 5is provided with sockets ill for thereception of pins 2|) which 1 a eloosely fltted into the sockets and which are provided with a threaded,transversely extending bore which receives the threaded lock bolts 2|wln'ch are held between outstanding pairs of lugs 22 and lockedthereagainst by the provision of the heads 23 on the bolts. A lateralextension 24 of the platform I4 is slotted, as indicated at 25, toreceive a pin 26 extending upwardly from the base plate E and welded, orotherwise permanently mounted to the base plate. When the lock bolts 2|are loosened, the closure l3 and associated parts may be moved axiallyof the shaft |'6 away from the casing 5 until the pin 26 engages the endof the' slot 25, which is sufficient to enable the rotor H to clear thecasing 5, whereupon the closure l3 and its associated parts may swinglaterally upon pin 26 as a pivot or hinge, to take the open positionshown in Fig. 4, whereby the interior of the unit A becomes freelyaccessible. To facilitate this movement, the surface 21 of base plate Eis perfectly smooth and the platform I4 is provided with pockets 28adapted to receive oily waste forlubricating the surface 21 by drainageof oil through openings 29 in the bottom of the pockets, therebyenabling the platform l4 to slide more easily over the base plate and toprevent the smooth surface of the latter from rusting. Reverse movementsenable closure l3 to be brought back into interfltting relation with thecasing 5. For the purpose of properly guiding the return movement ofclosure l3, a guide bar 39 is suitably secured to the surface 21of theplate, as by bolts or equivalent securing members 3|, this bar beingengaged by the platform M on its return and causing the platform to beproperly directed into closing position of the closure [3, with theflange 3| thereof snugly fitting into a recess 32 in the easint. 5.. Itwill be seen that the closure l3 when in closed position provides a feedchamber 33 for the material dropped from the endless conveyor ll.

Apartition 34 located in casing 5 is provided with an opening 35 whichregisters with the openings 36 through the central portion of the fanside rotor element l9. The partition 34 is formed'with an annular flange31 closely engaging a. shoulder 36 of the casing 5. A removablecylindrical liner 39 abuts against the flange 31 of the partition 34,thereby holding the latter in place. The removable liner 39 is providedwith circumferentially spaced projections 49 arranged in substantiallydiametrical oppositionyand which extend parallel to the axis of theshafts 9 and I6. Through the casing 5 are diametrically opposed openingsthrough which are passed set screws 4|. The openings aforesaid areadapted to register with projections 49,..of

the liner in which projections are provided the tapered recesses 42adapted to receive the tapered ends 43 of the set screws 4|. The liner'39 is reversible, so that the recesses 42 are arranged in pairs, theindividual members of which are symmetrically disposed relatively toeach other. When assembled, the recesses 42 are slightly offsetrelative' to the set screws 4|. as isclearly shown in Fig. 8, the setscrews thereby acting. when tightened, to force the liner 39 against thepartition 34 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 8, thereby clamping thepartition tightly in position while at the same time securing the liner39 in adjusted position.

The inner cylindrical wall of the liner 39 is provided with amultiplicity of grooves parallel to the shafts 9 and I6 to form aserrated inner cylindrical grinding wall 44, closely adjacent which theradial grinding lugs 45 and 46 on the rotors travel alongcircumferential paths. Circular shoulders or supporting surfaces areprovided on the annular flanges 41 and 48 for engagement by the radialprojections 49 of the liner 39 to center the liner or to hold the sameconcentric with the axis of the shafts 9 and I6. The circumferentiallydistributed points of support at 49, 49, lessen the frictional contactto facilitate removal of the liner when desired, but nevertheless thefrictional mounting of the liner, coupled with the clamping action ofthe set screws, is sufficient to hold the same in clamping positionagainst the partition 34, and to maintain the opening 49 on itslowermost side in communication with the tramp pocket 59 in the base ofeasing 5.

It will be seen from Fig. 5 that the feed side rotor element I1 isprovided with a plurality of radially extending blades 5|. These bladesare adjacent the intake opening 52 which opening extends through theinner wall of closure l3, and

' is concentrically disposed around shaft l6. The

blades 5| act as suction fan blades, in conjunction with fan 1 to drawmaterial through the intake 52 into the pulverizing zone 6, and toimpart to the material a preliminary fracture by impacting the materialagainst the liner 39.

When the material to be pulverized falls to the bottom 53 of the chamber33, it will tend to accumulate therein. If there is any tramp iron, thelarger pieces will remain in the bottom 53 of the chamber 33 and may beremoved when the closure I3 is opened. Smaller pieces of tramp materialthat may pass with the other material into engagement with the blades 5|will be ejected through opening 54 into pocket 55 in the bottom ofclosure |3. To facilitate this ejection the bot tom portion of the liner39 is beveled, as shown at 56. Still smaller pieces of tramp materialthat may pass the crusher lugs 46 will escape through the opening 49into pocket 59 whence it may be withdrawn by removal of the door 51 ofthe pocket.

Inasmuch as the rotor disc I1 is closed, the material to be pulverizedmust find its way peripherally of the disc |1 between the grinding lugs46 into the pulverizing zone. This passage is facilitated by thecooperative action of blades 5| with the fan 1. During such passage thematerial is ground by impact against the leading sides of-the lugs 46and the serrated cylindrical wall 44.

The fan 1 driven by motor 8 is adapted to produce a current of air fromthe feed side of the disc |1 into the hollow chamber between the rotorelements l1 and 56. Whatever material passes to'the peripheral spacesurrounding the rotor 58 willbe furtlier crushed by impact against theradial spaced lugs 45, 45, and by being thrown by the latter against theserrated cylindrical wall 44.

While the suction of air through the opening 36 tends to draw thecrushed material through the peripheral space between the lugs 45 andthe serrated wall 44, and radially to the left of the rotor 58 as viewedin Fig. 5, this tendency is counteracted by the radial fins 59, 59 whichare formed in radial continuation of the spider arms 69. 69, and by theauxiliary radial fins 6|, 6|

intermediate the fins 59, 59, which are formed 7 -in radial continuationof the spider arms 69, 69,

and by the auxiliary radial fins 6|, 6| intermediate the fins 59, 59, asshown in Fig. '7. The faces of the fins 59 and 6| adjacent the innerwall of the partition 34 are approximately in the same Gil pulverizinglugs 63.

53, 63 which vertical plane which is closely adjacent such inner wall,consequently an eilective seal will be produced to prevent the passageof coarse material between the back of the rotor 58 and the adjacentwall of the partition 34.

The rotor I! is provided with parallel spacedapart pulverizing lugs 62which may be integral with the grinding lugs 36, 46, but the spacingbetween the latter is shorter than the spacing between the grinding lugs46. The rotor 58 is provided with parallel spaced-apart pulverizing lugsoverlap the lugs 62, 62 so as to leave only a small cylindrical space 64between the paths of travel of the adjacent faces. It is preferred toarrange the parallel lugs 62 and 63 so that the path of travel of thefeed side rotor lugs 62 will be of smaller diameter than the path oftravel of the fan side rotor This arrangement enables the grinding lugs46 to be placed adjacent to the serrated wall 46 while providingsufificientspace between the lugs 46 for entrance of material into thepulverizing zone, and moreover the entrance to the ring space betweenthe paths of travel of back of the rotor 58 and the wardly against theserrated wall 44 while only the finest or pulverized material flows withthe air through the opening 36 into the fan chamber 65.

The coarse particles continue to be pulverized by impact and attritionaround the circumferences of the rotors until they are so fine that thechamber 65. Pulverization is completed in the ring space 64 or betweenthe overlapping adjacent faces of the pulverizing lugs 62 and 63 becauseactual tests show that maximum wear takes place at such adjacentfaces-and at the leading corners as illustrated at 66 in Fig. 7. Thesame is true with respect to the wear on the lugs 62 of the feed siderotor H.

The unit A is mounted on a foundation F, convenientl y of concrete. Aplurality of channels 61,

61, disposed as indicated in Fig. 4 are welded to the underside of thebase plate E, and are embedded in the top surface of the concretefoundation F, the base plate E being level. These channels preventdisplacement of the unit during service.

The base plate E is provided with grout holes 68, 68, through whichadditional concrete may be poured to maintain the base plate level.

As the fan discharges the pulverized material, additional air is drawnthrough openings 69into the fan chamber 65. The quantity of air thusentering port 69 is controlled by damper ll. housing 5 with motor 8 isfixedly attached to the base plate E by bolts 12. The pulverizedmateterial is ejected through outlet 70.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in thedetails and arrangement restricted to the precise construction hereindisclosed.

Having thus described and shown an embodiment of my invention, what Idesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Apparatus for breaking down materials com- OSCAR J. gamma

